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Overview
What is pneumonia?
Pneumonia is a type of infection that causes the inflation the ‘Alveoli’ also known as the air sacs in one or both lungs. These air sacs ,at be filled with pus or liquid that triggers the onset of cough, fever, difficult breathing and chills and if left unchecked can lead to respiratory failure. Pneumonia is caused by several organisms ranging from bacteria, fungi and viruses. This disease can be life-threatening and potentially fatal in children and older adults above 65 years old.
Pneumonia is a serious disease accounts for one 1 million hospital admission, Pneumonia also affects about 7% of the worlds population that is about 450 million people worldwide and also causes in total of about 4 million deaths per year globally. Fight against Pneumonia can be boosted by zinc, vitamin D, and probiotic supplements which helps the body immune system.
The onset and severity of pneumonia can be affected by lifestyle and habits like smoking and alcohol consumption.
Pneumonia is a serious disease accounts for one 1 million hospital admission, Pneumonia also affects about 7% of the worlds population that is about 450 million people worldwide and also causes in total of about 4 million deaths per year globally. Fight against Pneumonia can be boosted by zinc, vitamin D, and probiotic supplements which helps the body immune system.
The onset and severity of pneumonia can be affected by lifestyle and habits like smoking and alcohol consumption.
Types of pneumonia by causal organisms
Pneumonia can be classified into different forms bases on the organisms that causes the disease.
Bacterial pneumonia
Bacterial pneumonia
Bacterial Pneumonia?
They are pneumonia caused by bacterial and are mostly common in adults, they may be trigger after The onset of cold or flu. They affect the lobar a part of The lungs that gives it the name lobar pneumonia.
Types of bacteria that cause pneumonia includes:
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
Streptococcus pneumoniae , also known as pneumococcus, it causes pneumococcal pneumonia.
Legionella pneumophila, the cause of Legionnaires' disease, or Legionellosis
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
Streptococcus pneumoniae , also known as pneumococcus, it causes pneumococcal pneumonia.
Legionella pneumophila, the cause of Legionnaires' disease, or Legionellosis
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Viral pneumonia:
What are viral pneumonia?
Viral pneumonia are not as severe as the bacterial pneumonia, they are the most cause of pneumonia infection in children as it account for about one-third of pneumonia infection in children below age 5. It takes a shorter time to be treated as it takes within three weeks on like the bacteria counterpart that takes a longer time.
Viral pneumonia has symptoms that are associated with cold and flu and may be accompanied with dry cough that does not produce sputum but its can offset headache, loss of appetite, sore throat muscle pain and fever in adults who come down with viral pneumonia.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia is a less sever and life threatening infection that clears up with one to two weeks. It can develop into a more severe infection if into treated on time. RSV Pneumonia is common in young children and older adults. RSV pneumonia accounts for a number of infection in children and it is the common cause of pneumonia in children younger than 1 year old.
Viral pneumonia are not as severe as the bacterial pneumonia, they are the most cause of pneumonia infection in children as it account for about one-third of pneumonia infection in children below age 5. It takes a shorter time to be treated as it takes within three weeks on like the bacteria counterpart that takes a longer time.
Viral pneumonia has symptoms that are associated with cold and flu and may be accompanied with dry cough that does not produce sputum but its can offset headache, loss of appetite, sore throat muscle pain and fever in adults who come down with viral pneumonia.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia is a less sever and life threatening infection that clears up with one to two weeks. It can develop into a more severe infection if into treated on time. RSV Pneumonia is common in young children and older adults. RSV pneumonia accounts for a number of infection in children and it is the common cause of pneumonia in children younger than 1 year old.
Fungal pneumonia
What is fungal pneumonia?
Fungi that causes pneumonia is about three types, they can be found in the soil or in some birds droppings. This type of pneumonia can be acquired if one inhale a considerable large amount of the fungi from any of its known source.
Types of fungi living in soil that causes of pneumonia:
Coccidioides immitis
Coccidiodes posadasii
Histoplasma capsulatum
Cryptococcus is a fungi found in soil and bird droppings all across the country.
Fungi that causes pneumonia is about three types, they can be found in the soil or in some birds droppings. This type of pneumonia can be acquired if one inhale a considerable large amount of the fungi from any of its known source.
Types of fungi living in soil that causes of pneumonia:
Coccidioides immitis
Coccidiodes posadasii
Histoplasma capsulatum
Cryptococcus is a fungi found in soil and bird droppings all across the country.
Other types of pneumonia.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). It’s a type of fungi caused pneumonia, this type of infection mostly affects people with weakened immune systems, especially those with HIV and AIDS. It is one of the fist signs associated with AIDS as people presents complaints.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): this is a type of pneumonia infection that is caused by the type of viruses that is associated with common cold, it is contagious and it spreads like a cold. In year 2003 was the first Tim the virus was identified with cases reported to have been about 8,000 (eight thousand) people globally. It is serious in older adults and elderly people as it can be potentially deadly.
Classification by locations where Pneumonia can be contacted
Classification of Pneumonia infection can be classified according to where it was acquired or contacted.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP): its can be serious because This type of infection can have to resistance antibiotics because of the location it was contracted from. This type of pneumonia infection is contacted during a hospital or clinic stay.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP): This is less resistance compare to the hospital acquired pneumonia. This type of pneumonia is acquired outside of a medical setting often in the community as the name implies..
Types by how pneumonia is acquired
Pneumonia infection can also be classified further according to how it is acquired.
Aspiration pneumonia: This type of pneumonia is acquired when someone inhale Pneumonia causing bacteria, viruses and fungi into the lungs of setting the onset of pneumonia infection. This type of Pneumonia often occurs in individual who have problem with swallowing or under the influence of medications, alcohol, or some hard drugs.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP): This type of Pneumonia is often seen in people using ventilator.
What causes pneumonia?
Pneumonia is usually caused by different factors depending on what one is exposed to. Pneumonia can be as a result of:
Pneumococcal infection caused by bacteria called Streptococcus pneumoniae. However pneumonia is also caused by many different types of bacteria, including Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus azures
Viruses
Fungi
Mycoplasmas
Inhaling of pneumonia causing chemical agents and environmental agents
Symptoms of pneumonia
Sharp pain in the chest
High Fever
Chills
Dehydration
Fatigue
Loss of appetite
Malaise
Clammy skin
Fast breathing
Shortness of breath
Cough
Sore throat
Loss of appetite
Muscle pain
Fast heart rate
sweating and shivering
What Are Risk Factors associated with pneumonia?
Pneumonia infection can be caught by anybody, however some set of people have a higher risk of coming down with pneumonia due to their lifestyles, environment and exposure.
The risk factors that presupposes someone or causes an increased chances of getting pneumonia includes:
Smoking
Cerebral palsy
Viral respiratory infection such as cold, flu, influenza.
Difficulty swallowing as a result of disease conditions such as stroke, dementia, Parkinson's disease.
Some chronic lung disease or infection ( COPD , bronchiectasis , cystic fibrosis)
Cerebral palsy
Heart disease
Diabetes
Residents in hospitals, nursing homes and clinics
Having a weakened immune
Infants and children 2 years of age or younger
Older individuals age 65 and above
Smoking
Cerebral palsy
Viral respiratory infection such as cold, flu, influenza.
Difficulty swallowing as a result of disease conditions such as stroke, dementia, Parkinson's disease.
Some chronic lung disease or infection ( COPD , bronchiectasis , cystic fibrosis)
Cerebral palsy
Heart disease
Diabetes
Residents in hospitals, nursing homes and clinics
Having a weakened immune
Infants and children 2 years of age or younger
Older individuals age 65 and above
Diagnosis of pneumonia
Pneumonia infection can be diagnosed with the following procedures which includes:
Clinical diagnosis which includes questions from your health care provider, physical examination
Chest X-ray
A blood test. This can help identify the cause of the infection
A sputum test.
Pulse oximetry. To check oxygen saturation level if the lungs is moving adequate oxygen in the body
A urine test. This test can help identity the causal organism of the infection if its bacteria, virus fungi
CT scan: This helps with a more define and clear image of the lungs and the extent of infection
A fluid sample . This is taken with a needle in between the ribs for test
A bronchoscopy
Chest X-ray
A blood test. This can help identify the cause of the infection
A sputum test.
Pulse oximetry. To check oxygen saturation level if the lungs is moving adequate oxygen in the body
A urine test. This test can help identity the causal organism of the infection if its bacteria, virus fungi
CT scan: This helps with a more define and clear image of the lungs and the extent of infection
A fluid sample . This is taken with a needle in between the ribs for test
A bronchoscopy
Treatment of pneumonia
The treatment of Pneumonia ranges from identifying the causal organisms so as to know how best to treat the infection. Therefore antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal drugs are used to treat pneumonia.
Symptoms releasing drugs can also be prescribed by health care provider such as aspirin, ibuprofen and acetaminophen. Cough medications is also prescribed
Getting lots of rest
Taking lots of fluids
Respiratory therapy
Oxygen therapy
Prevention of pneumonia
To help prevent pneumonia, the following steps and measures should be taken:
Take and complete Pneumonia vaccination as prescribed
recommend flu shots for children older than 6 months.
Practice good hygiene.
Avoid smoking both active and passive smoking
Keep you immunity strong by eating healthy, good sleep and rest
Exercise r
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